Corporate Law
Corporate law covers the life of a company, from incorporation to liquidation.
Services
Incorporation and Articles of Association
Incorporation of joint stock, limited liability and other commercial companies, and the drafting of articles of association and shareholding structures.
General Assembly and Governance Advice
Organising general assembly meetings, structuring management bodies and following up on resolutions.
Employment Law Compliance
Structuring employer-employee relationships, collective bargaining agreements and compliance with employment legislation.
Commercial Contract Management
Drafting and negotiating sale, dealership, distribution and cooperation agreements.
Mergers and Acquisitions
Legal due diligence, negotiation and closing in mergers, demergers and acquisitions.
Frequently asked questions
- What are the main differences between a joint stock and a limited liability company?
- In a joint stock company the capital is divided into shares, transfers are generally easier, and the form suits taking investment and a public offering. A limited liability company has a capped number of shareholders, transfers need a notarised deed and a general assembly resolution, and the two forms differ in liability for public debts.
- How long does it take to incorporate a company in Türkiye?
- Where the documents are complete, trade registry registration is usually finalised within a few business days. Drafting the articles of association and the shareholding structure determines the timing, and foreign or corporate shareholders can extend it because of apostille and translation requirements.
- When must the ordinary general assembly be held?
- Under the Turkish Commercial Code the ordinary general assembly convenes within three months after the end of each financial year. A call that does not follow the prescribed procedure can lead to annulment of the resolutions taken.
- How is a share transfer carried out?
- In a joint stock company, transfer of registered shares takes effect against the company upon entry in the share ledger, and the articles of association may restrict transfers. In a limited liability company the transfer deed is notarised, approved by the general assembly and registered with the trade registry.
- What is the liability of board members?
- Board members are liable to the company, its shareholders and its creditors when they culpably breach duties arising from law or the articles of association. Liability is personal as a rule and can be limited through allocation of duties and internal directives, and separate liability for public receivables arises under Law No. 6183.
Other practice areas
Contact and case review
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